Bone grafting is a surgical procedure that completes the missing bone with a special material in order to maintain the alveolar process. The material not only complements the missing bone but also helps the body to rebuild lost bone.
The goal of this surgery is to coax the body into rebuilding the bone and other structures that attach a tooth to the jaw. It is done by a periodontist, a dentist who specializes in diagnosing and treating gum disease.
First, the periodontist will separate the gums from your teeth to gain access to the roots and bone. The roots will be thoroughly cleaned. The holes (defects) in the bone will be filled in with a graft material. Then they will be covered with a physical barrier.
Bone grafting materials commonly used include bits of:
